C-band High Non Linear Fiber (HNLF)
Nonlinear effects in optical fibers, such as stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), and optical Kerr effect, have many applications in the fields of communication and optical signal processing. In the Kerr effect, the refractive index of the guiding medium material varies with the optical power, which leads to a series of secondary effects such as self phase modulation (SPM), cross phase modulation (XPM), four wave mixing (FWM), and non-stationary modulation. The applications of utilizing the Kerr effect include optical parametric amplification, frequency conversion, phase coupling, pulse compression and generation, and optical soliton transmission. The design of highly nonlinear optical fibers needs to consider the following aspects: Firstly, optical fibers need to have high nonlinearity to obtain effective nonlinear interactions; Secondly, optical fibers must have lower losses to increase their effective length Leff. Furthermore, for various applications, optical fibers need to have matching dispersion characteristics. Finally, nonlinear fibers must have low polarization mode dispersion (PMD). The design of refractive index profile plays an important role in meeting the above requirements for quartz based highly nonlinear optical fibers. In the design of highly nonlinear optical fibers, the effective area Aeff of the small core region